Pediatric Ophthalmology Treatment Who is a pediatric ophthalmologist? Pediatric ophthalmologists are trained to diagnose, treat and manage all children's eye problems, as well as prescribe eyeglasses and contact lenses. They are also skilled at recognizing the sometimes subtle signs of an eye problem that a baby or young child cannot describe. Detailed clinical ocular examination for children's , cycloplegic refraction and retinoscopy, pediatric cataract, amblyopia management